Machu Picchu

Located on a ridge top, high up in a Peruvian mountain range, Machu Picchu is an awe-inspiring and well preserved stone ruin of a Columbian Inca city. Recent archaeological study has revealed that Machu Picchu wasn't a conventional city, but more like a country retreat for Inca royalty. It is thought that only 750 people would have lived at Machu Picchu at any one time. The site has 140 constructions, comprising a large palace and temples dedicated to Inca deities around a central courtyard.

The city was built in about 1440 and was inhabited until about 1532.

Locals knew of Machu Picchu's existence, but it was rediscovered by the outside world in 1911 at which point thousands of artefacts were removed form the site. It's now one of the most popular destinations in South America, though the long distances needed to travel to get there means it's still the preserve of the more intrepid tourist.

Best way to arrive here? Take the Hiram Bingham train from Cuzco - a fabulous experience.